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Node (computer science)
A node is a basic unit used in computer science. Nodes are devices or data points on a larger network. Devices such as a personal computer, cell phone, or printer are nodes. When defining nodes on the internet, a node is anything that has an IP address. Nodes are individual parts of a larger data structure, such as linked lists and tree data structures. Nodes contain data and also may link to other nodes. Links between nodes are often implemented by pointers.
==Nodes and trees==
Nodes are often arranged into tree structures. These structures are binary trees.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Binary Trees, Data Structures and Algorithms )〕
A node represents the information contained in a single structure. These nodes may contain a value or condition, or possibly serve as another independent data structure. Nodes are represented by a single parent node. The highest point on a tree structure is called a root node, which does not have a parent node, but serves as the parent or 'grandparent' of all of the nodes below it in the tree. The height of a node is determined by the longest path from root node to the furthest leaf node, and the height of the tree is equal to the height of the root node.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=tree (data structure) )〕 Node depth is determined by the distance between that particular node and the root node. The root node is said to have a depth of zero. Data can be discovered along these network paths. An IP address uses this kind of system of nodes to define its location in a network. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Simply Scheme: Introducing Computer Science ch 18: Trees )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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